For years, cortisone shots have been a go-to for quick relief from knee arthritis pain. But new research suggests they may be doing more harm than good in the long run. A major study published in Radiology found that patients who received corticosteroid injections experienced worse joint deterioration than those who received no treatment or those who got an alternative injection.
Researchers followed 210 knee arthritis patients for several years, using detailed MRI scans to track changes in joint health. Those who received steroid injections showed clear signs of accelerated cartilage and bone marrow damage. In contrast, patients who received hyaluronic acid injections — a gel-like substance that lubricates the joint — experienced less joint damage over time.
Pain relief was observed with both treatments. Cortisone shots reduced pain more dramatically at first, but at the potential cost of joint health. Hyaluronic acid provided more modest pain relief but may help preserve cartilage, offering longer-term benefits.
This doesn’t mean cortisone is always a bad choice, especially in cases of severe, acute pain. However, it does require more thoughtful decision-making between patients and doctors. Millions of Americans receive these injections each year, and the findings suggest a need to reevaluate standard practices, particularly for those with mild to moderate arthritis.
While the study was observational and couldn’t prove direct causation, the MRI results were consistent and concerning. More research is needed, but for now, this study offers an important reminder: fast relief isn’t always the safest path.
For those weighing their options, the message is clear: ask your doctor about the long-term risks and consider alternatives that may be more gentle on your knees.
